Showing posts with label government. Show all posts
Showing posts with label government. Show all posts

Monday, August 1, 2011

US debt limit: Obama unveils deal with Congress leaders


President Barack Obama says Republican and Democratic leaders have struck a deal to raise the US debt limit.

Under the proposal, which is set for debate and votes in Congress on Monday, the US debt ceiling would rise by up to $2.4tn from the current $14.3tn.

The US government deficit will be cut by a similar amount over 10 years, and a special bipartisan committee will also be set up to agree spending cuts.

Without a deal the US would face the prospect of defaulting on its debts.

Party leaders in the House of Representatives and Senate still have to present the deal to their members on Monday, before the package goes to a vote.

The BBC's Jane O'Brien says the package is still likely to be a tough sell, with some Republicans and Democrats in the House remaining opposed to different aspects.

A number of conservative Republicans, including first-time congressmen, are likely to vote against the plan, while some liberals in the Democratic party will be disappointed by the prospect of cuts to benefits.

But Democratic House leader Nancy Pelosi is expected to ensure enough Democrats vote for the bill to help smooth its passage, analysts say.
 
The US faces a Tuesday deadline to raise its $14.3tn (£8.7tn) debt limit or risk the first full-scale default in its history, a possibility that has spread mounting unease through international markets.

Speaking on Sunday night, the US president said it was not the deal he would have preferred, but noted that the compromise plan would make a "serious downpayment" on the US deficit.
  
Analysis
The president says it's not the perfect deal. But he and the leaders of both parties now believe they have the framework for something they can put to their party rank and file.

It's still likely to be a tough sell. The Republican Tea Party members are unlikely to support it because the cuts don't go far enough, and many Democrats will be furious that it doesn't include tax hikes.

Both sides will hold further discussions on Monday before the agreement is drafted into legislation that can be put to a vote.

America's credit rating may still be downgraded, but it now looks more likely that the world's most powerful economy will be spared the humiliation of not being able to pay its bills on Tuesday.

"I want to announce that the leaders of both parties in both chambers have reached an agreement that will reduce the deficit and avoid default, a default that would have had a devastating effect on our economy," Mr Obama said.

Democrats and Republicans in Washington have been deadlocked over finding a way to cut spending and raise the debt limit as the Tuesday deadline approached.

The US limits by law the total amount of debt its government can issue, and the Obama administration has been under mounting pressure over how it would continue to pay bills and costs like salaries if the limit was reached.

News of the proposed deal was welcomed by financial markets, with shares in Tokyo, London and Paris all gaining more than 1%.

"We welcome the US debt deal and hopefully this will stabilise markets," Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano said.
 
'Not the greatest deal'
Republican House leader John Boehner said he hoped to hold Congressional votes on the plan "as soon as possible".

"This isn't the greatest deal in the world. But it shows how much we've changed the terms of the debate in this town," he said.

The proposed deal calls for:
• At least $2.4tn deficit reduction over 10 years
• New Congressional committee to recommend a deficit-reduction proposal by November
Tourists photograph the US Capitol building 
 
The focus now shifts back to Congress with votes expected on Monday
• A two-stage increase in the debt ceiling.

The recommendations of the new, bipartisan committee tasked with identifying further savings would also be put to a vote in Congress, Mr Obama said.

According to Mr Boehner, those savings would amount to at least $1.5tn, bringing the total spending cuts under the plan to about $2.4tn.

In recent days, Republicans, who control the House of Representatives, and Democrats, who control the Senate, have rejected plans drawn up by the rival party in a mounting political battle.

BBC News


Monday, July 18, 2011

South Africa celebrates Nelson Mandela's 93rd birthday

A picture released by the Mandela family ahead of Nelson Mandela’s 93rd birthday shows Mr Mandela (C), flanked by (from L) Zaziwe Manaway and baby Ziphokazi Manaway, daughter Princess Zenani Dlamini and Zamaswazi Dlamini with baby Zamakhosi Obiri 
The Mandela family released this photo ahead of Nelson Mandela's 93rd birthday
South Africans are celebrating former President Nelson Mandela's 93rd birthday.
His foundation has urged people to do 67 minutes of voluntary work on the day - to represent the 67 years he devoted to South Africa's political struggle.

The anti-apartheid icon is expected to spend the day with family in his home village of Qunu in the Eastern Cape.

Millions of school children have simultaneously sung him a special birthday song.

It is not clear whether the target of 12.4m was reached to set a new world record for the number of people singing to an individual at the same time.

The song Happy Birthday Tata Madiba - specially composed for his 93rd birthday was sung at school assemblies across the country.
 
"The best way we can thank Nelson Mandela for his work is by taking action for others and inspiring change” -Ban Ki-moon UN secretary-general

Mr Mandela, who is a hero to many in South Africa and around the world for his long fight against white minority rule, has appeared increasingly frail since he retired from public life in 2004.

He has been receiving round-the-clock medical care at home following his release from hospital in January where he was treated for an acute respiratory infection, says the BBC's Nomsa Maseko in Johannesburg.

Known to South Africans by his clan name Madiba, Mr Mandela has not appeared at a public engagement since the closing ceremony of the football World Cup in July 2010.

A photo released ahead of his birthday shows him smiling and surrounded by members of his family.

The Nelson Mandela Foundation, backed by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, said it wanted Mr Mandela's birthday to inspire people to help make the world a better place.

School children hold birthday cards during a symbolic handover on 17 July 2011 at the Nelson Mandela Foundation in Johannesburg  
School children have made birthday cards for Mr Mandela

"If a man could dedicate 67 years of his life to doing good for the world, imagine what we could achieve if everyone just gave 67 minutes of their time to do the same," said Said Achmat Dangor, the head of the foundation.

South African companies, charities and celebrities have all announced plans for voluntary work they will do on the day.

Mr Ban urged others around the world to do the same. "The best way we can thank Nelson Mandela for his work is by taking action for others and inspiring change," he said.

In a statement released ahead of the occasion, US President Barack Obama said Mr Mandela's life and legacy exemplified "wisdom, strength and grace".

His wife, Michelle Obama, and daughters met Mr Mandela last month in Johannesburg during a visit to South Africa.

Mr Obama said his family's time with Mr Mandela was "the most moving part of their trip".

Mr Mandela stood down as South Africa's president in 1999 after serving one term, handing over to Thabo Mbeki.

After leaving prison in 1990 following 27 years in jail, he led the African National Congress party to a landslide victory in 1994 - the first time South Africa's black majority was allowed to vote.
BBC News

Tuesday, July 12, 2011

Afghan president's brother, Ahmad Wali Karzai, killed

Ahmad Wali Karzai in April talking about death threats against him in the BBC documentary,
Afghanistan: The Unknown Country
The half-brother of Afghan President Hamid Karzai has been assassinated in Kandahar, officials say.
Ahmad Wali Karzai, a leading power broker in the country's south, was shot dead at his home in a blow to Nato's battle against the Taliban in the area.

He was shot twice by his long-time head of security Sardar Mohammed, who was himself killed almost immediately.

The Taliban said they carried out the attack, calling it one of their top achievements in 10 years of war.
Sardar Mohammed's motives remain unclear, but the killing will raise questions about securing Afghanistan's top officials.
 
Previous assassination attempts:
Ahmad Wali Karzai's killing is the latest and most high-profile in a series of assassinations of senior politicians and security commanders across the country.
 
Analysis The last time I saw Ahmad Wali Karzai in his heavily protected compound, he said the war against the Taliban in Kandahar was being won. He wanted foreign troops to stay the course - even though his brother, the president, didn't.

The man they called Mr Kandahar was asked to solve every problem from tackling Taliban strongholds to solving the personal problem of anyone who made it to his door. President Karzai relied on him to consolidate his tribal and political sway in the restive south - he must now be deeply worried.

Nato officials had often spoken of putting Ahmad Wali Karzai "on notice" over allegations of drug deals, and corruption. He challenged everyone to prove it.

There's an old Afghan saying "whoever controls Kandahar, controls Afghanistan". Ahmad Wali Karzai was the lynchpin in so many areas, his death now leaves a dangerous vaccum.

The Afghan president said the assassination reflected the suffering of all Afghan people.

"This is the way of life for the people of Afghanistan," said Mr Karzai.

"The homes of all Afghans feel this pain. Our hope is this (violence) will come to an end and peace and happiness come to our homes and will come to rule in our country."

Critics said Ahmad Wali Karzai was a warlord mired in corruption who was openly involved in the drugs trade and had a personal militia at his disposal.

His supporters saw him as a defender of Pashtun rights. The president repeatedly defended him, denouncing accusations that his brother was involved in criminal activities.

Security was intensified in Kandahar following Tuesday morning's shooting, as the body of Ahmad Wali Karzai, who was born in 1961, was taken to a nearby hospital.

As head of the Kandahar Provincial Council, he was a staunch ally of US and allied forces in Afghanistan, says the BBC's Quentin Sommerville in Kabul, to the extent that they turned a blind eye to accusations he was involved in drug trafficking.

"Despite our worries about Ahmad Wali Karzai, he was someone the US could work with and he kept a lid on things in Kandahar," a US official told the BBC.
 
Start Quote:
[Ahmad Wali Karzai] was someone the US could work with and he kept a lid on things in Kandahar”
-US official

It is hard to overstate how important he was in the south of Afghanistan and in Nato's efforts to combat the Taliban in their stronghold there, adds our correspondent.

The Commander of the International Security Assistance Force, US General David Petraeus, condemned the assassination, and said ISAF would work with the Afghan government to bring anyone involved to justice.

"President Karzai is working to create a stronger, more secure Afghanistan, and for such a tragic event to happen to someone within his own family is unfathomable," said Gen Pertraeus.

Ahmad Wali Karzai had survived attempts on his life before, most recently in a rocket and machine gun attack in 2009 as his convoy was travelling towards Kabul.

The previous year, he was chairing a meeting in a government building when a bomb-filled fuel tanker exploded close by.

Although Mr Karzai escaped unhurt, six people were killed and 40 wounded in the blast.

He and other officials blamed Taliban militants for the bombing.

In 2003, Mr Karzai's house in Kandahar city was hit by an explosion which he said was caused accidentally when some weapons were being moved.
BBC News

Tuesday, June 28, 2011

Greece gripped by general strike over austerity package

Click to play
The BBC's Jon Sopel: "The overwhelming smell is one of tear gas"
A 48-hour general strike has begun in Greece, as parliament prepares for a key vote on tough austerity measures.

Thousands of protesters have gathered outside parliament in Athens and public transport in the capital has largely ground to a halt.

The rally started peacefully, but small groups of protesters later clashed with police, who used tear gas.
PM George Papandreou has said that only his 28bn-euro (£25bn) austerity plan would get Greece back on its feet.

If the government fails to win support for the austerity measures, the EU and IMF could withhold 12bn euros of loans and Greece could run out of money in weeks.

The general strike has halted most public services, banks are closed and hospitals are operating on skeleton staff.

Limited clashes have broken out between riot police and protesters on the fringes of the largely peaceful rally in the central Syntagma Square, with police firing tear gas to keep protesters back. Small fires appear to have been started by the protesters.

Some protesters have started throwing stones and bottles at the police in one corner of the square, TV images show.

Airports are shutting for hours at a time, with air traffic controllers walking out between 0800 and 1200 (0500-0900 GMT) and 1800 and 2200 (1500-1900 GMT). A number of flights were also cancelled at Athens international airport.

What went wrong in Greece?

An old drachma note and a euro note
Greece's economic reforms, which led to it abandoning the drachma as its currency in favour of the euro in 2002, made it easier for the country to borrow money.
Trains, buses and ferries are also affected.

In Athens, the metro is the only form of public transport which will work "so as to allow Athenians to join the planned protests in the capital", metro drivers said.

More than 5,000 police officers were due to be deployed in the centre of Athens as the protesters marched towards parliament.

Protesters have blockaded the port of Pireus, near Athens, which links most Greek islands with the mainland.
"The situation that the workers are undergoing is tragic and we are near poverty levels," said Spyros Linardopoulos, a protester with the PAME union at the blockade.

"The government has declared war and to this war we will answer back with war."

The unions are angry that the government's austerity programme will impose taxes on those earning the minimum wage, following months of other cuts which have seen unemployment rise to more than 16%.
 
At the scene: From the middle of the morning, they began to march into the city centre, thousands of unionists who think spending cuts and tax rises are just too severe.

It was good-natured at first, but there is real anger bubbling beneath the surface.

Small groups of protesters dressed in black began clashing with riot police. Tear gas and stun grenades were used, and Molotov cocktails have been thrown.

Running battles have been breaking out in the streets around parliament.

Some protesters have said they will encircle the parliament building to prevent MPs from entering. The austerity package and implementation law must be passed in separate votes on Wednesday and Thursday.
Polls suggest that between 70% and 80% of Greek people oppose the austerity plan.

"We're opposed to what they're trying to do to us," said bank worker Kali Patouna. "We know very well that these measures will be our tombstone. They will have extreme consequences for workers and for everyone on all social levels."

If the measures are passed, the next instalment of Greece's 110bn-euro bail-out will be released by the European Union and International Monetary Fund.

European officials will also start to finalise the details of a second bail-out - worth an estimated 120bn euros - designed to help Greece pay its debts until the end of 2014.

The BBC's Chris Morris in Athens says defeat for the government this week would send ripples of anxiety right across the eurozone, with Greece facing the prospect next month of becoming the first member state to default on its debts.

Greece: Crucial dates

  • June 29: Greek parliament to vote on a new austerity package
  • July 3: Eurozone deadline. EU will sign off latest bail-out payment to Greece - 12bn euros - if austerity package has passed
  • July 15: Default deadline: Without the 12bn euros it needs to make debt repayments, Greece will default
Mr Papandreou has warned that failure to secure the new loans would mean that national coffers could be empty within days.

The new Finance Minister, Evangelos Venizelos, acknowledged that the cuts were "unfair", but said they were absolutely necessary.

But the main opposition leader, Antonis Samaras of the New Democracy party, said the thinking behind the austerity package was flawed and that tax rates should be lowered rather than raised in order to stimulate the economy.

The outcome of the debate is uncertain. Mr Papandreou faces opposition from within the governing Panhellenic Socialist Movement (Pasok), with two MPs saying they may oppose the bill.

The party has a slim majority, with 155 seats out of 300 in parliament.

Countries most exposed to Greek debt


BBC News

Friday, June 24, 2011

Rwanda: Ex-women's minister guilty of genocide, rape - 24 June 2011

Rwandan soldier at the genocide memorial in Bisesero, Rwanda Hundreds of thousands of people died in the genocide

A former Rwandan women's minister has been sentenced to life in prison for her role in the genocide and the rape of Tutsi women and girls.
Pauline Nyiramasuhuko, 65, is the first woman convicted by the UN-backed tribunal for the Rwanda genocide.

She was found guilty, along with her son and four other former officials, after a 10-year trial.

Some 800,000 ethnic Tutsis and moderate Hutus were killed during the 1994 massacres.

Nyiramasuhuko, who was family affairs and women's development minister, was accused of ordering and assisting in the massacres in her home district of Butare in southern Rwanda.

The prosecution at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) accused her of taking part in the government decision to create militias throughout the country. Their mission was to wipe out the Tutsi population as fast as possible.
 
Militias flown in:
"She has been convicted for genocide and crimes against humanity, including extermination, rape and persecution," ICTR spokesman Danford Mpumilwa told Reuters news agency by telephone from the court.
Along with her son, Arsene Shalom Ntahobali, who was in his early 20s at the time, she was also accused of organising the kidnap and rape of Tutsi women and girls.

Ntahobali, who was in his early 20s at the time of the genocide, was also found guilty and sentenced to life.
Four other local officials got between 25 years and life in prison.
 
Rwanda's genocide:
  • 800,000 people killed in 100 days
  • Hutu extremists massacred ethnic Tutsi minority and political opponents
  • Roadblocks set up where people were identified by their ID papers and slaughtered with machetes
  • Ended when Tutsi rebels led by Paul Kagame seized power in Kigali in June 1994
  • Many Hutus fled into DR Congo, sparking years of unrest in the region
BBC East Africa correspondent Will Ross says Nyiramasuhuko showed no emotion as she was sentenced.

She was found guilty on seven of the 11 charges she faced.

She had denied all the charges.

The trial opened in 2001, making it the longest held by the ICTR.

Last month, former army chief Augustin Bizimungu and three other former military officers were convicted after a nine-year trial.

The Rwandan government, led by Paul Kagame who ended the genocide, has long complained about the slow pace of justice at the tribunal, based in Arusha, Tanzania.

Butare was once home to a large mix of Hutu and Tutsi people, and there was some resistance there to the orders to carry out the massacres.

The government of which Nyiramasuhuko was a member dismissed the most senior district official - a man who opposed the genocide. He was never seen again.

When he was replaced, the massacres began and militias were flown in from the Rwandan capital Kigali to assist.

Nyiramasuhuko was accused of requesting military assistance to proceed with the massacres in her home commune.

The prosecution says along with her son she often forced people to undress completely before loading them on to trucks and taking them to their deaths.

After the genocide, she fled to neighbouring Democratic Republic of Congo (then Zaire), before being arrested in Kenya in 1997, reports the AFP news agency.

Our correspondent says that although she was the only woman on trial for genocide before the ICTR, many other women have been convicted of genocide in Rwandan courts.

Two nuns were found guilty of participating in the genocide by a court in Belgium.
BBC News